Small to medium sized tree reaching 30 to 40 ft. and 1 1/2 ft. in dbh

Leaves:
 Arrangement: alternate

 Shape: inequilateral rounded base

 Margin: serrate, but entire below the middle

 Texture: pubescent below

 Variation: 3 main veins originating at petiole

Brownish gray with a smooth surface and characteristic warts and ridges.

Zigzagging and slender, reddish brown in color. Buds are small and acute.

Flowers are small and green in color. They are produced on stalks near the twig. Fruits are a drupe with a long stem. The drupe has an ovid shape and a purplish to dark red color.

Tree has warty bark and a characteristic fruit. The leaf usually is serrated above the middle with 3 main veins.

Central Wisconsin east to central New York. South to northern Georgia and west to central Arkansas.

Occurs on rich, moist alluvial soils. However, it does occur on drier sites as well as on limestone outcrops.

The wood is used as substitutes for white ash, hickory, and elm. It does have a low timber value. The fruit is eaten by a variety of birds and mammals. Especially notable species include: wild turkey, ringneck pheasant, mocking bird, and fox squirrels. Also commonly called beaverwood.