Small to medium sized tree reaching 30 to 40 ft. and 1 1/2 ft. in dbh

 Shape: alternate

 Margin: inequilateral rounded base

 Texture: serrate, but entire below the middle

 Variation: pubescent below

Brownish gray with a smooth surface and characteristic warts and ridges.

Zigzagging and slender, reddish brown in color. Buds are small and acute.

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Flowers are small and green in color. They are produced on stalks near the twig. Fruits are a drupe with a long stem. The drupe has an ovid shape and a purplish to dark red color.

Tree has warty bark and a characteristic fruit. The leaf usually is serrated above the middle with 3 main veins.

Central Wisconsin east to central New York. South to northern Georgia and west to central Arkansas.

Occurs on rich, moist alluvial soils. However, it does occur on drier sites as well as on limestone outcrops.