Shrub that can reach up to 8 ft. in height and having an open and rounded crown.

Leaves:
 Arrangement: opposite; simple

 Shape: ovate

 Margin: coarsely serrate

 Texture: tomentose below

 Variation: pinnate

Light brown and exfoliating.

glabrous, light brown to brown, leaf scar shallow

Small white flowers in flat topped or rounded clusters. Fruit is a ribbed brown capsules

shrub, white flowers, opposite arrangement, remains of fruit retained year round.

Eastern Half of the U.S.

Rich, damp soils of a deciduous forest.

Native Americans used to used the roots for a variety of medicinal applications.